During the operation of the wind farm, operation and maintenance is to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, and to improve the utilization efficiency of the equipment as much as possible, reduce the failure rate of the equipment, and prolong the service life of the equipment.
Classification of wind farm equipment
Wind farms are mainly composed of four major equipment systems: generation, transmission, transformation and control. The power generation equipment is the wind turbine, including all the equipment before the electric energy enters the tower base box of the wind turbine; the power transmission equipment is the line that transmits the generated power to the outside, including high-voltage lines, towers and auxiliary facilities; Low-voltage power is converted into high-voltage power for external transmission. Wind farms generally include box-type substations and wind farm booster stations (two boosts). The control system is to control and manage the normal operation of the above related equipment.
In view of grid consumption, wind resources and policy influence, domestic wind turbines are developing towards low wind speed and ultra-low wind speed, and the swept area per kilowatt is constantly being refreshed. It seems that whoever has a larger swept area per kilowatt will have stronger power generation and stronger technical strength. In fact, the power generation capacity of the unit is affected by the overall efficiency, control strategy, and reliability of the unit; at the same time, the maturity of technology, materials, and supply chain directly affects the stability and reliability of the unit. Driving on the German highway, wind turbines are emerging in an endless stream on both sides of the road, and the most common ones are the wind turbines of the German manufacturer Enercon. The optimal efficiency of the whole machine is over 0.47, which is about 10% higher than that of many similar wind turbines in China, and the reliability of Enercon wind turbines Sex and service also have the best reputation in Germany. Although Enercon has not launched a new model for several years, it is still the No. 1 brand on land in Germany and even Europe. This should perhaps give some inspiration to our research and development. Recently, Vestas, a veteran wind power manufacturer, released its 2MW-116/120 units, and is also making efforts in China’s low wind speed wind power market. It is said that its price is also lower than 4300 yuan/kW. In the face of these strong foreign rivals, perhaps we need to further deepen product research and development and make breakthroughs in core technology research and development. However, technology research and development is often not valued by domestic complete machine companies, especially companies with small research and development teams and limited resources. However, some domestic complete machine companies with large scale and good development have a relatively large R&D team, but lack of systematic R&D, lack of systematic framework, and weak direction, resulting in a relatively large waste of resources and personnel. Independent pitch, segmented blades, new transmission chain, new tower, intelligent control, efficiency improvement, customized wind farm design, intelligent diagnosis, new materials, new processes and other technological research and development projects require us to be safe in the impetuous competitive environment. It is necessary to develop it systematically from the perspective of the whole machine and even the wind farm. Only when products and technologies complement each other and develop together can they be more durable. At the policy level, the voice of the same price in 2020 is getting louder and louder. If this is the case, by 2020, the average wind power on-grid electricity price still has room for a drop of about 0.1 yuan, and the cost pressure on the whole machine manufacturing enterprises is very huge. And the exploration of new technologies to reduce costs should be reserved as soon as possible. At present, the domestic profit level of the whole machine is already low, and a large proportion of Goldwind’s net profit in 2016 also comes from the investment income of wind farms and the income from purchasing its own equipment. Major domestic complete machine manufacturers are focusing on cultivating their “whole industrial chain in terms of technical capabilities”, including wind farm planning and customization, complete machine design and manufacturing, after-market services, core large components (such as blades, gearboxes, power generation) These are not only the requirements of market competition, the means of risk control, but also the need for profit expansion. I vaguely remember that a few years ago, we discussed more about the dispute between dual-feed and direct-drive. Today, the voice of the dispute has become less and less, and both routes have representatives of good and bad development. It seems that success or failure does not depend on which technical route is chosen. And no matter what type, how much power and how high the tower is installed in the wind farm, the only concern is whether the wind farm can make money. From this perspective, customized solutions for wind farms may be an industry trend, because the construction and operation costs of wind farms under different terrains are critical to economic benefits. Taking land as an example, the cost includes unit equipment investment, foundation, roads, power cables, transportation and hoisting, operation and maintenance costs, etc. The cost and power generation benefit of each part under different schemes must be different, and seeking the optimal scheme is the ultimate goal. These are based on at least two foundations: First, there are high-efficiency smart wind turbines with different tower heights and different power levels as optional equipment for optimization, and the first is the accuracy of wind speed and turbulence assessment for micro-site selection of wind farms. The customized solutions for offshore wind farms are more complex, and these experiences will take longer to accumulate. The surviving wind power generator manufacturers in the future should have the efficient design and development platform required for rapid wind farm customization of units, and can quickly customize the best generator sets at each location according to the terrain, climate, and power grid conditions of the wind farm. . From a comprehensive perspective, the essence of competition lies in the comprehensive capabilities of technology and products, as well as in concepts, ideas, directions, details, efficiency and risk control, but in the final analysis, it is the people who control these things, and the rules and cultural essence condensed into the enterprise.
Post time: Jul-18-2022
